lib/PublicInbox/Feed.pm       | 3 +--
 lib/PublicInbox/SearchView.pm | 4 +---
 lib/PublicInbox/View.pm       | 8 +++-----
 lib/PublicInbox/WWW.pm        | 3 +--
 lib/PublicInbox/WwwStream.pm  | 6 ++++++
 t/view.t                      | 3 ++-

diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/Feed.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/Feed.pm
index c16c417a099e9e6b88bdc94e5f9897e37293380a..2f141c4413b9473e0f4ee3cdaaaa692633a95428 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/Feed.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/Feed.pm
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ 			["No messages, yet\n"] ];
 	}
 	$ctx->{-html_tip} = '<pre>';
 	$ctx->{-upfx} = '';
-	my $res = PublicInbox::WwwStream->new($ctx, sub {
+	PublicInbox::WwwStream->response($ctx, 200, sub {
 		while (my $path = shift @paths) {
 			my $m = do_cat_mail($ctx->{-inbox}, $path) or next;
 			my $more = scalar @paths;
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ 			return $s;
 		}
 		undef;
 	});
-	[ 200, ['Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'], $res ]
 }
 
 # private subs
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/SearchView.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/SearchView.pm
index 4af6cadbaf0e901b0a571912f5d53d4d1623d8c2..30a310c9f58ceede52857d3b07d23668eaedcf6b 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/SearchView.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/SearchView.pm
@@ -55,9 +55,7 @@ 		} else {
 			$cb = mset_summary($ctx, $mset, $q);
 		}
 	}
-
-	[ $code, ['Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'],
-		PublicInbox::WwwStream->new($ctx, $cb) ];
+	PublicInbox::WwwStream->response($ctx, $code, $cb);
 }
 
 # display non-threaded search results similar to what users expect from
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/View.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/View.pm
index b4f80d1d470bb991be73372d3bc36312f01c4128..27dd15541a34eed0e4b9c0bd6eaf45f5c8013274 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/View.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/View.pm
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ sub msg_html {
 	my ($ctx, $mime, $footer) = @_;
 	my $hdr = $mime->header_obj;
 	my $tip = _msg_html_prepare($hdr, $ctx);
-	PublicInbox::WwwStream->new($ctx, sub {
+	PublicInbox::WwwStream->response($ctx, 200, sub {
 		my ($nr, undef) = @_;
 		if ($nr == 1) {
 			$tip . multipart_text_as_html($mime, '') .
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
 	$mime = Email::MIME->new($mime);
 	$ctx->{-title_html} = ascii_html($mime->header('Subject'));
 	$ctx->{-html_tip} = thread_index_entry($ctx, $level, $mime);
-	my $body = PublicInbox::WwwStream->new($ctx, sub {
+	PublicInbox::WwwStream->response($ctx, 200, sub {
 		return unless $ctx;
 		while (@q) {
 			$level = shift @q;
@@ -297,7 +297,6 @@ 		$ret .= ${$ctx->{dst}}; # skel
 		$ctx = undef;
 		$ret;
 	});
-	[ 200, ['Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'], $body ];
 }
 
 sub thread_html {
@@ -339,7 +338,7 @@ 	$mime = Email::MIME->new($mime);
 	$ctx->{-title_html} = ascii_html($mime->header('Subject'));
 	$ctx->{-html_tip} = '<pre>'.index_entry($mime, $ctx, scalar @$msgs);
 	$mime = undef;
-	my $body = PublicInbox::WwwStream->new($ctx, sub {
+	PublicInbox::WwwStream->response($ctx, 200, sub {
 		return unless $msgs;
 		while ($mime = shift @$msgs) {
 			$mid = mid_clean(mid_mime($mime));
@@ -352,7 +351,6 @@ 		}
 		$msgs = undef;
 		'</pre>'.$skel;
 	});
-	[ 200, ['Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'], $body ];
 }
 
 sub multipart_text_as_html {
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/WWW.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/WWW.pm
index cbd3142d1c62c256766ac0fe842486f1c164364a..c4509bd95649ae2f8caa31c26600ef5b1bb0d2bf 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/WWW.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/WWW.pm
@@ -236,8 +236,7 @@ 	my $foot = footer($ctx);
 	require Email::MIME;
 	my $mime = Email::MIME->new($x);
 	searcher($ctx);
-	[ 200, [ 'Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' ],
-	  PublicInbox::View::msg_html($ctx, $mime, $foot) ];
+	PublicInbox::View::msg_html($ctx, $mime, $foot);
 }
 
 # /$INBOX/$MESSAGE_ID/t/
diff --git a/lib/PublicInbox/WwwStream.pm b/lib/PublicInbox/WwwStream.pm
index d2bf318bed49a6027e68f7a696a91de1ff29de61..6de1b310da360bbbee5bcbd580b7d552bc2b8298 100644
--- a/lib/PublicInbox/WwwStream.pm
+++ b/lib/PublicInbox/WwwStream.pm
@@ -14,6 +14,12 @@ 	my ($class, $ctx, $cb) = @_;
 	bless { nr => 0, cb => $cb, ctx => $ctx }, $class;
 }
 
+sub response {
+	my ($class, $ctx, $code, $cb) = @_;
+	[ $code, [ 'Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' ],
+	  $class->new($ctx, $cb) ]
+}
+
 sub _html_top ($) {
 	my ($self) = @_;
 	my $ctx = $self->{ctx};
diff --git a/t/view.t b/t/view.t
index 8a898febc3f983433ad3d78c692fafbfa669fe87..4fdd15180cc45983630c6f2aa4f2b34f519f4704 100644
--- a/t/view.t
+++ b/t/view.t
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@ sub msg_html ($) {
 	my ($mime) = @_;
 
 	my $s = '';
-	my $body = PublicInbox::View::msg_html($ctx, $mime);
+	my $r = PublicInbox::View::msg_html($ctx, $mime);
+	my $body = $r->[2];
 	while (defined(my $buf = $body->getline)) {
 		$s .= $buf;
 	}